SGS welcomes new proposals from the European Commission on the substantiation and communication of environmental claims, calling on industry to get ahead of new legislation.
SGS, the world’s leading testing, inspection and certification company, has given its whole-hearted support to the European Commission’s proposal for a ‘Green Claims Directive 2023/0085/COD’ which it believes will tackle ‘greenwashing’ and support the growing tide of consumers who want to be better informed on the environmental impacts of their purchases and make better choices.
Here Keith Hutchinson, Business Manager at SGS, explores the reasons for and potential impact of the Directive which is expected to be voted on in mid-2024 by the EU parliament. With a positive outcome likely to be transposed into EU member states’ law 18 months later to become effective in 2027, he outlines how companies can take steps now towards greater alignment with the proposed new legislation.
Woman holding a garbage box recycling concept Recycle, recycle, plastic-free, junk food plastic packaging. on a forest nature green background copy space plastic recycling Environmental pollution, ecology concept.
What is the EU’s Green Claims Directive?
In its European Green Deal, the European Commission sets out to tackle false environmental claims and ensure that buyers can access reliable, comparable and verifiable information to reduce the risk of ‘green washing.’ The Commission’s intention is to regulate the use of environmental claims by setting minimum requirements on the substantiation and communication of voluntary environmental claims and environmental labeling in business-to-consumer commercial practices.
This will be achieved through the establishment of solid and harmonized calculation methods, verified by approved third parties, that cover the full value chain.
This is something to be applauded. As a market leading TIC company, we are witness to the wide assortment of voluntary ecolabeling schemes that have appeared in recent years. Established to seemingly ‘help’ businesses meet consumer demand for more sustainable products and services, their variety and abundance is however more likely to increase consumer confusion and cynicism.
The EU Commission rightly recognizes that environmental claims will only help consumers if they are consistent and based on scientific evidence that can be trusted.
Tackling consumer uncertainty
Empowering the public to take action to consume in a more sustainable way by preventing misleading practices such as greenwashing is a logical next step for industry. There exists a plethora of surveys that reflect that whilst consumers are becoming more environmentally conscious, they are also becoming more environmentally skeptical.
The Global Consumer Insights Pulse Survey undertaken by PwC in June 2021 revealed how 58% of core millennials (those aged 27 to 32) say they have become more eco-friendly. Core and young millennials (those aged 23 to 26) are the most likely to agree that they consciously consider sustainability while shopping.
In addition, the Global Sustainability Study 2021 found that 85% of people indicate they have shifted their purchasing behavior towards greater sustainability in the past five years.
The GreenPrint Business of Sustainability Index survey undertaken in 2022 revealed that:
- 64% of consumers are happy to pay more for sustainable products
- 78% of consumers are more likely to buy products that are labeled as environmentally friendly
- 74% do not know how to identify eco-friendly products and nearly half confessed they seldom or never actually believe eco-claims
This demonstrates that, in spite of consumers’ willingness to contribute to a greener and more circular economy in their everyday lives, their active role in this green transition is being hampered by a lack of trust in the credibility of environmental claims and the proliferation of misleading commercial practices related to the environmental sustainability of products.
The need for industry action
In 2020, the European Commission carried out an inventory looking at a sample of 150 environmental claims for a wide range of products. Findings showed that over 53% of those claims provided vague, misleading or unfounded information about environmental characteristics across the EU and across a wide range of product categories making the EU Green Claims Directive very crucial.
The 2020 inventory of environmental claims also analyzed the extent to which the claims were substantiated with evidence that can be verified. The analysis found that 40% of claims were unsubstantiated.
These results were supported by a sweep by the Consumer Protection Cooperation authorities in November 2020. Out of the 344 sustainability claims assessed, authorities considered that in over half of the cases (57.5%), the trader did not provide sufficient elements allowing for judgement of the claim’s accuracy. In many cases, authorities had difficulties identifying whether the claim covered the whole product or only one of its components (50%), whether it referred to the company or only certain products (36%), and which stage of the product’s life cycle it covered (75%).
This clearly needs addressing by governments and industries that aspire to support the growing number of consumers who want to be better informed on the environmental impacts of their consumption and make better choices.
What’s in the Directive?
Applicable to large and transnational companies in the EU with more than EUR 2 million turnover and 10 employees, the directive sets out to create a level playing field by providing a legal framework that will underpin the credibility and transparency of voluntary environmental claims EU Green claims directive introduces minimum requirements for the substantiation and communication of environmental claims which are subject to third-party verification. This robust and independent third-party certification process to verify claims and labeling should go a long way towards minimizing, if not eradicating, the practice of greenwashing at any stage of the consumption journey: from advertising to purchasing and product use.
The approach of EU Green claims directive is also likely to accelerate the move to a circular and climate neutral economy and have a positive impact on global value chains involving production processes in third countries. As a result, I believe it could incentivize third country companies to contribute to the green transition, particularly those businesses trading within the EU internal market.
By introducing minimum criteria for all environmental labels, consumers will be more likely to trust that products holding a sustainability label will meet requirements on transparency and credibility.
Supporting business and industry
The introduction of the EU’s proposed Green Claims directive is a logical next step on the road towards more sustainable consumption. I welcome the provision of a legal framework of EU Green claims directive to improve the credibility and transparency of voluntary environmental claims. Day to day I see how companies that offer truly sustainable products are disadvantaged compared to those that do not, and believe it’s vital that a level playing field is created for all.
At SGS we’ve been encouraging companies to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle for decades. In 2022 we launched the SGS Green Mark to support a diversity of businesses and brands who are striving to meet the escalating consumer demand for greener products and services.
This independent third party certified and verified Mark delivers analytical testing to support specific, quantifiable environmental attributes which cover the following claims:
- Industrial compostable
- Biodegradability
- Biobased
- Hazardous substances assessed
- Recycled content
- PVC Free
Based on the ISO 17065/17029 framework, the Green Mark ensures products have passed all environmental claims/information as defined in:
- ISO 14021 Environmental labels and declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II environmental labeling)
- ISO 14025 Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations – Principles and procedures
- ISO 14065 General principles and requirements for bodies validating and verifying environmental information
- ISO 17067 Conformity assessment – Fundamentals of product certification and guidelines for product certification schemes
- US Federal Trade Commission’s Green Guides
- Relevant national requirements to the best of our knowledge
Grounded in testing, audit and evaluation within independent approved laboratories brings third-party credibility to single-attribute environmental claims. In addition, each SGS Green Mark is fully traceable, providing a QR code to enable customers to easily access the details of the relevant information via their mobile phone.
We await the outcome of the EU parliament’s vote on the Directive in mid-2024, there are certainly many practical steps that organizations can take now to ensure a smoother alignment with any new legislation likely to come into force in 2027.
CASE STUDY
Samsung Display leads the way with first SGS Green Mark for OLED laptop displays
SGS was delighted to award Samsung Display the SGS Green Mark (ECCS, HSA) for its organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) laptop displays following a stringent and comprehensive hazardous substances assessment.
SGS tested Samsung Display’s OLED laptop panels for the 2023 model year for substances of environmental concern including heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants and others. In its assessments, Samsung Display’s panels performed well, achieving low levels, below the HSA testing threshold.
Hazardous Substances Assessed (HSA) certification from SGS evaluates the degree to which any of >300 hazardous substances, that may be harmful to human health and the environment, are used within a product. The certification process deconstructs and analyzes products to assess the hazards, if any, that may be present in relevant parts of the product.
“Developing materials and components that minimize hazardous substances has long been a priority in the OLED development process at Samsung Display along with providing the highest level of image quality,” said Samsung Display. “The HSA certification for laptop OLEDs is a great achievement in the development of our eco-friendly technology, and we expect to provide consumers with better choices.”
Jackson Woo, Deputy Director of SGS’s Hong Kong Bureau, said: “As ecolabeling has become common in the consumer product market worldwide, environmental concern for hazardous substances is also increasing. Samsung Display’s laptop OLEDs are the first electronic products ‘HSA’ evaluated through its hazardous substances verification to build trust in product’s sustainability.”
Achieving the globally recognized SGS Green Mark (ECCS, HSA) enables Samsung Display to showcase the SGS Green HSA mark on its certified products and in promotional materials and advertising; demonstrating to consumers that its environmental claims have been certified by SGS.
