The USB PD specification increased the fixed-voltage levels from the standard 5 V shared with USB 2.0 to 20 V, greatly enhancing the USB power-transfer capability. The maximum power level of 100 W significantly increased the range for powering larger peripherals, like docking stations and displays, at the maximum permitted current level of 5 A.
Additionally, USB PD 3.0 added the Programmable Power Supply mode in addition to the conventional fixed-voltage levels of 5 V, 9 V, 15 V, and 20 V. Non-standard voltages (in 20 mV steps) and currents (in 50 mA steps) are negotiated by this mode. This capability could be used to provide the precise voltage level needed to feed the sink side, adjust for potential cable losses, or accomplish efficient charging.
USB PD 3.1/3.2 Specifications
EPR mode and a maximum power of 240 W are supported by the most recent USB PD 3.1/3.2 specifications. Opportunities to power various equipment, including medical devices, industrial equipment, surveillance systems, LED lighting, and small appliances like coffee makers and blenders, are further expanded by the improved power range. Furthermore, devices that run on batteries that are significantly bigger than those found in smartphones, such e-bikes, power tools, and drones, may now be recharged in a reasonable amount of time and put back into operation.
Benefits of USB PD
The initial widespread use of USB-C and USB-PD technologies was in consumer devices like laptops and cell phones. The benefits of USB PD for in-cabin applications were later identified by automakers. E-mobility is currently expanding significantly, along with embedded and industrial applications. Natural market forces are to blame for this widespread adoption, as growing competition pushes makers of electronic devices to constantly develop.
USB in Reducing E-Waste
In contrast, another visible driver has a non-market origin and is caused by state regulations. Technical communities and local authorities worldwide see the potential of USB in reducing e-waste by standardizing power adapters and chargers. According to the EU’s Common Charger Directive 2022/2380, the use of USB-C connectors and the USB PD specification will be mandatory for many portable applications across the EU as of the end of 2024. Similar discussions are ongoing in the U.S., China, India and other regions.
USB PD Specifications Addressing Broader Demands
USB PD specifications meet the needs of power-demanding USB peripherals, smartphone fast charging and many more applications. Now, equipment like personal e-mobility, including e-bikes and e-scooters, drones, mobile robots, 3D printers, professional audio-visual equipment, power tools, medical equipment, home appliances and home entertainment devices, can also take advantage of convenient USB power.
USB Charger Market Dynamics
Growing consumer demand for smartphones with more features fuels industry expansion. The two main factors propelling the market are the declining cost of chargers and the rising power consumption of electronic devices.
The availability of internet-based applications and games has led to a notable growth in the use of these devices in recent years. The market has grown faster due to the increased use of digital devices. sturdiness, mobility, numerous outlets, quick charging, affordability, etc. Additionally, 4G networks and frequent internet usage have reduced the power efficiency of devices. This has led to a massive global demand for USB chargers, which is driving the market’s expansion. There is anticipated to be a significant demand for wireless charging devices due to the rising use of wireless computing devices such as smartphones and tablets reported MMR.
These devices eliminate the need for portable adapters by enabling users to charge whenever and wherever they choose, propelling the market over the forecast period. However, the growing use of counterfeit goods is impeding market expansion. Additionally, a few other obstacles can restrict market expansion during the projection period.
